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Vitamin D Council Glossary
There are 14 terms for the letter 'I'.
- Iatrogenic
- Induced inadvertently by a physician, surgeon, medical treatment, or diagnostic procedure.
- Idiopathic
- Of unknown cause or origin.
- IL-12/IFNgamma
- Neuroendocrine-immune system axis that is crucial for protective immunity to mycobacterium in humans and mice.
- Immune system
- Collection of mechanisms within an organism that protects against infection by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. See innate immune system and adaptive immune system.
- Immunomodulatory
- Having the ability to alter or regulate one or more immune functions.
- Immunosuppressive
- Inhibits or prevents activity of the immune system. Immunosuppressive substances are used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, some inflammatory diseases, and for preventing transplant organ rejection.
- Innate immune system
- Cells and mechanisms found in all classes of plant and animal life which provide immediate defense against infection in a non-specific manner.
- Institute of Medicine (IOM)
- Component of the United States' National Academy of Sciences whose mission is to "serve as adviser to the nation to improve health."
- Insulin
- Hormone that is secreted by groups of cells within the pancreas (called islet cells) in response to a detected increase in blood sugar.
- International Unit (IU)
- A unit of measurement for the amount of a substance that is based on measured biological activity. For vitamin D, one IU is equal to 0.025 micrograms (µg).
- Intron
- DNA region in a gene that is not translated into protein.
- Ischemia (Ischaemia)
- Restriction in blood supply that results in damage to, or dysfunction of, tissue.
- Isoform
- Different form of a protein that may be produced from different genes or from the same gene by alternative splicing.
- Isomer
- Molecule with the same chemical formula, but different arrangement of atoms, as another.