Researchers have found evidence of increased inflammation in epicardial adipose tissue in patients with coronary artery disease which may relate to vitamin D deficiency.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease and is characterized by plaque buildup on the walls of the arteries of the heart, which reduces blood flow to the heart.

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a form of visceral fat that is deposited around the heart and is metabolically active, releasing various molecules that influence the functioning of the heart. One type of molecule released by EAT are cytokines, which are cells used to moderate the immune system and inflammation.

Recent reports have suggested that too much EAT may be a risk factor for CAD. Indeed, increased thickness and elevated inflammatory cytokine production within EAT have been observed in CAD patients.