Multiple myelomaHow does vitamin D work?

One of the mechanisms that makes multiple myeloma (MM) a deadly disease is production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-91 and MMP-22.

“MMP-2 is an enzyme that degrades components of the extracellular matrix and thus plays a pivotal role in cell migration during physiological and pathological processes”3.

The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, can reduce the production of MMP-94. It also reduces the production of MMP-2 but was also found to increase production of IL-65.

Page last edited: 18 July 2011

References

  1. Barille, S. Akhoundi, C. Collette, M. Mellerin, M. P. Rapp, M. J. Harousseau, J. L. Bataille, R. Amiot, M. Metalloproteinases in multiple myeloma: production of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), activation of proMMP-2, and induction of MMP-1 by myeloma cells. Blood. 1997 Aug 15; 90 (4): 1649-55.
  2. Segarra, M. Lozano, E. Corbera-Bellalta, M. Vilardell, C. Cibeira, M. T. Esparza, J. Izco, N. Blade, J. Cid, M. C. Thalidomide decreases gelatinase production by malignant B lymphoid cell lines through disruption of multiple integrin-mediated signaling pathways. Haematologica. 2010 Mar; 95 (3): 456-63.
  3. Jezierska, A. Motyl, T. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 involvement in breast cancer progression: a mini-review. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research. 2009 Feb; 15 (2): RA32-40.
  4. Tokar, E. J. Webber, M. M. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) inhibits growth and invasion by up-regulating nuclear receptors and 25-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) in human prostate cancer cells. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2005; 22 (3): 275-84.
  5. Paduch, R. Kandefer-Szerszen, M. Vitamin D, tamoxifen and beta-estradiol modulate breast cancer cell growth and interleukin-6 and metalloproteinase-2 production in three-dimensional co-cultures of tumor cell spheroids with endothelium. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2005 Sep-Nov; 21 (5-6): 247-56.